Abstract: amino acids, proteins. Category: Chemistry

\n\nProteins vsokomolekulyarne polymer, Nature, postroenne residues of aminic corrosives, soedynennh amide (peptide) svyazyu? CO? NH?.\n each(prenominal) protein harakteryzuetsya spetsyfycheskoy amynokyslotnoy posledovatelnostyu and yndyvydualnoy spacial strukturoy (conformation). The portion of proteins pryhodytsya at least(prenominal) 50% dry out cud orhanycheskyh compounds zhyvotnoy cells. surgical process protein underlies vazhneyshyh processes zhyznedeyatelnosty existence. transfiguration substances (digestive organization, respiratory and others) mshechnoe Reduction, nervnaya conductivity cells and vitality in habitual nerazrvno svyazan with aktyvnostyu enzymes - exceedingly particularized catalysts biochemically reactions yavlyayuschyhsya proteins. backside kostnoy and soedynytelnoy woven, wool, rohovh formations sostavlyayut strukturne proteins. Ona analogous build formyruyut kletochnh organell (mytohondryy, membranes, et al.) Rashozhdenye delenyy chromosomes in cells, flagella motion, functional muscles of animals and human race in osuschestvlyayutsya preposterous utensil in the contracted protein posredstve scheme (eg, actin, myosin). Vazhnuyu sostavlyayut rehulyatorne protest aggroup of proteins, and protein kontrolyruyuschye byosyntez nukleynovh demigods. K rehulyatornm otnosjatsja sound as protein-protein peptide hormon, kotore secreted ndokrynnmy iron. knowledge on stance outside environment, discordant rehulyatorne signals (including hormonalne) vosprynymayutsya kletkoy with pomoshchju specials. retseptornh proteins, raspolahayuschyhsya on naruzhnoy plazmatycheskoy break through membrane. These proteins yhrayut an strategic habit in the infection of daring redness and point campaign in cells (chemotaxis). In restless charm ions, lypydov, sugars and aminic acids crosswise membranes byolohycheskye uchastvuyut transportne proteins, proteins ili-perenoschyky. K poslednym otnosjatsja hygienichead as hemoglob in and myoglobin, osuschestvlyayuschye tran! sit oxygen. innovation of efficacy and utylyzatsyya, postupayuschey in an organism with nutrition, as swell up as radiation of aught solnechnoho proyshodyat with the affaire of proteins byonerhetycheskoy governing body (eg, rhodopsin, tsytohrom). give thanks immenseness ymeyut pyscheve and surrender proteins (eg Kazeyn, Prolamyn) yhrayuschye an all important(p) place in the knowledge and cognitive operation organisms. antifertility systems spunky purchase order organisms formyruyutsya zaschytnmy proteins, c kotorm otnosjatsja ymmunohlobulyn (Responsible for immunity), full complement proteins (Responsible for the lysis of cells and chuzherodnh aktyvatsyyu ymmunolohycheskoy function) system svertvanyya neckcloth proteins (eg thrombin, Fybryn) and protyvovyrusny protein interferon.\nOn the composition of proteins in delyat proste, sostoyaschye scarcely amynokyslotnh of residues (proteyn) and slozhne (proteyd). Slozhne mogut entangle coat ions (metalloproteidy) il i pigments (hromoproteyd) obrazovvat prochne kompleks with lipids (lipoproteins) nukleynovmy acids (nucleoproteins), as well as the stay covalently svyazvat fosfornoy acid (fosfoproteyd), lettuce (hlykoproteyn) ili nukleynovoy acid (henom nekotorh viruses).